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Virus
61 entries
Smallpox Vaccine Jenner
Edward Jenner developed the first successful vaccine in 1796. Jenner observed that milkmaids who con...
Rabies Vaccine Pasteur
Louis Pasteur developed the rabies vaccine in 1885. Pasteur attenuated the rabies virus by drying in...
Polio Vaccine Salk
Jonas Salk developed the first polio vaccine using inactivated poliovirus. The vaccine was announced...
Polio Vaccine Sabin
Albert Sabin developed an oral polio vaccine using attenuated live virus. The Sabin vaccine was take...
Measles Vaccine
John Enders developed the measles vaccine, licensed in 1963. Enders had previously won the Nobel Pri...
Mumps Vaccine
Maurice Hilleman developed the mumps vaccine, licensed in 1967. Hilleman cultured the virus from his...
Rubella Vaccine
The rubella vaccine was developed by several researchers and licensed in 1969. Rubella, or German me...
COVID-19 Pfizer
The Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was the first mRNA vaccine authorized for emergency use, grante...
COVID-19 Moderna
The Moderna COVID-19 vaccine was developed in collaboration with the National Institute of Allergy a...
COVID-19 Johnson
The Johnson and Johnson COVID-19 vaccine used a modified adenovirus vector,different from the mRNA v...
COVID-19 AstraZeneca
The Oxford AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine was developed by scientists at the University of Oxford Jenn...
COVID-19 Sputnik
Sputnik V, developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute in Moscow, was registered by the Russian gov...
COVID-19 Sinovac
Sinovac developed CoronaVac using an inactivated whole virus approach. The vaccine was authorized in...
COVID-19 Novavax
Novavax developed a protein subunit vaccine using recombinant spike protein and a proprietary adjuva...
Influenza Vaccine
The first influenza vaccine was developed by Thomas Francis and Jonas Salk at the University of Mich...
Hepatitis B Vaccine
The hepatitis B vaccine was the first vaccine produced using recombinant DNA technology. Maurice Hil...
Hepatitis A Vaccine
The hepatitis A vaccine was licensed in 1995. Hepatitis A is transmitted through contaminated food a...
Yellow Fever Vaccine
Max Theiler developed the yellow fever vaccine at the Rockefeller Foundation. The 17D strain vaccine...
HPV Vaccine
The human papillomavirus HPV vaccine prevents cervical cancer and other HPV related cancers. The fir...
Rotavirus Vaccine
Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. The first...
Varicella Vaccine
Michiaki Takahashi developed the varicella chickenpox vaccine in Japan in 1974. The vaccine was lice...
Shingles Vaccine
The shingles vaccine prevents herpes zoster, a painful rash caused by reactivation of the varicella ...
Ebola Vaccine
The Ebola vaccine rVSV ZEBOV, marketed as Ervebo, was developed by the Public Health Agency of Canad...
Dengue Vaccine
Dengvaxia, the first dengue vaccine, was developed by Sanofi Pasteur and licensed in Mexico in Decem...
RSV Vaccine
Respiratory syncytial virus RSV vaccines were decades in development. RSV causes lower respiratory i...
Mpox Vaccine
The JYNNEOS vaccine, developed by Bavarian Nordic, protects against mpox formerly known as monkeypox...
Chikungunya Vaccine
IXCHIQ, developed by Valneva, became the first chikungunya vaccine approved by the FDA in November 2...
Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine
Japanese encephalitis vaccines were first developed in Japan in 1954 using mouse brain derived virus...
Rabies Pre Exposure
Pre exposure rabies vaccination is offered, under national guidance, to people at higher risk of rab...
Tick Borne Encephalitis
Tick borne encephalitis TBE vaccines were developed in Austria in the 1970s. TBE is a viral disease ...
Seasonal Flu Quad
Seasonal influenza vaccines were upgraded from trivalent to quadrivalent in the 2010s. Trivalent vac...
H1N1 Pandemic 2009
The H1N1 pandemic vaccine was developed in response to the 2009 swine flu pandemic. The virus was fi...
H5N1 Bird Flu
H5N1 avian influenza vaccine development accelerated after the virus re emerged in 2003. Roughly hal...
H7N9 Bird Flu
H7N9 avian influenza emerged in China in March 2013. The virus infected approximately 1,568 people w...
Adenovirus Vaccine
Adenovirus vaccines were developed for the US military in the 1970s. Adenovirus causes acute respira...
Universal Flu Vaccine
Universal influenza vaccine research aims to develop a vaccine that provides protection against all ...
HIV Vaccine
HIV vaccine research began in 1987 and has been one of the most challenging fields in vaccinology. H...
Norovirus Vaccine
Norovirus vaccines target the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis. Norovirus causes approximately...
Cytomegalovirus Vaccine
Cytomegalovirus CMV vaccine development has been ongoing for decades. CMV is the most common congeni...
West Nile Virus Vaccine
West Nile virus WNV vaccine development began after WNV appeared in North America in 1999. WNV sprea...
Zika Vaccine
Zika vaccine development accelerated during the 2015 to 2016 Zika epidemic in the Americas. Zika vir...
Nipah Virus Vaccine
Nipah virus vaccine development is motivated by case fatality rates estimated at 40 to 75 percent an...
Lassa Fever Vaccine
Lassa fever vaccine development targets a viral hemorrhagic fever endemic in West Africa. Lassa viru...
MERS Vaccine
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome MERS vaccine development began after MERS was identified in Saudi A...
SARS Vaccine
SARS vaccine development began during the 2003 SARS epidemic. SARS emerged in China in November 2002...
COVID Novavax Detail
The Novavax NVX CoV2373 vaccine uses a recombinant spike protein produced in insect cells with a pro...
Covaxin
Covaxin was developed by Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research...
Novavax 2024
Novavax experienced a dramatic turnaround in 2024. After years of struggling to bring its COVID vacc...
mRNA Platform
mRNA vaccine technology represents a paradigm shift in vaccinology. Key advances came from Katalin K...
Varicella Zoster UK
The UK did not routinely vaccinate children against chickenpox until the Joint Committee on Vaccinat...
RSV Nirsevimab
Nirsevimab Beyfortus is a long acting monoclonal antibody that protects infants from RSV. Technicall...
Influenza 1918 Vaccine
During the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic that killed tens of millions of people, no effective vaccine ex...
Yellow Fever Construction
Yellow fever devastated construction of the Panama Canal. The disease killed thousands of workers in...
Dengue Vaccine Philippines
The Dengvaxia controversy in the Philippines was one of the most damaging vaccine safety scares of t...
Rotavirus Intussusception
RotaShield, the first rotavirus vaccine, was licensed in August 1998. Within months, VAERS identifie...
HPV Vaccine Japan
Japan suspended active recommendation of HPV vaccine in June 2013 after media reports of complex reg...
Vaccine Smallpox Bioterror
After the 2001 anthrax attacks, the US government implemented a smallpox vaccination program for hea...
Vaccine Cancer Personalized
Personalized cancer vaccines use mRNA to target tumor specific mutations. Each vaccine is custom des...
Vaccine COVID Ba 2
The Omicron BA 2 variant emerged in early 2022, followed by BA 4 and BA 5. These variants showed sig...
Vaccine COVID Kids
COVID vaccine authorization for children progressed in stages. The FDA authorized Pfizer for ages 16...
Vaccine Bivalent Real World
Real world effectiveness data for bivalent COVID boosters showed moderate protection against symptom...