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H5N1 Bird Flu
About H5N1 Bird Flu
H5N1 avian influenza vaccine development accelerated after the virus re emerged in 2003. Roughly half of confirmed human H5N1 cases reported to WHO have been fatal, and only limited human to human transmission has occurred. The US government stockpiled H5N1 vaccine. Sanofi, GSK, and Novartis developed H5N1 vaccines. Adjuvants were necessary to stretch limited antigen supply. The FDA approved the first H5N1 vaccine in 2007. Concerns about H5N1 have increased since 2022 as the virus has spread globally in birds and infected mammals including cattle in the US. The US has invested in mRNA vaccine platforms for pandemic influenza. Moderna tested an H5N1 mRNA vaccine candidate in clinical trials. The ongoing H5N1 situation in cattle demonstrates the persistent pandemic risk from avian influenza.
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