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Leishmaniasis Vaccine
About Leishmaniasis Vaccine
Leishmaniasis vaccines have been in development for decades. Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease transmitted by sandflies, endemic in close to 100 countries. The disease ranges from cutaneous leishmaniasis, causing skin ulcers, to visceral leishmaniasis, which is fatal if untreated. Leishmaniaization, the deliberate inoculation of live parasites, was used for centuries in the Middle East. First generation killed parasite vaccines showed limited efficacy. Second generation vaccines using recombinant proteins and viral vectors are in clinical trials. Leishmaniasis is particularly prevalent in Brazil, where the Brazilian government has invested in vaccine research. A therapeutic vaccine candidate, ChAd63 KH, showed promising results in clinical trials. A One Health approach targeting both human and canine leishmaniasis is being explored.
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